Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Analysis - Essay Example On the section on project information, we are able to glean several insights. One is that the majority of projects being worked on are commercial projects. Two is that in terms of roles, the project management supervisors hold sway with regard to who gets what roles. Many of the projects are client-initiated, even as a sizable percentage is likewise initiated by government. Excel is a widely-used software tool. A minority makes use of no software at all, while a large number makes use of checklists. These latter findings have implications on where Redstone can improve in terms of the tools used in project management. The section on project pitfalls provides insights into the many different challenges that go with project management at Redstone. One is that which pertains to post project assessments, where a majority reports that those are done, even as a relatively minor percentage either reports the report assessment results to superiors or review the assessments made. This finding has implications for how well future projects can be managed, learning from the experience of past projects and being able to document and discuss those learnings via post project

Sibling Ties In Later Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sibling Ties In Later Life - Essay Example Siblings, unlike other familial relationships such as parent-child is not confound within the bonds of obligation, rather it is more â€Å"mechanical† since they are â€Å"generational partners† (Bedford & Avioli, 2001), where reciprocity and closeness are distinct characteristics. Sibling rivalry is normal (â€Å"Sibling ties,† n.d.). As a personal attestation, me and my siblings compete with our parents attention, during our younger years. In fact, we compete about almost anything, but end up helping each other. There are times in which our relationship was not going so well, but we still manage to work things out. I agree with what Bedford and Avioli (2001) contended about â€Å"cognitive closeness,† since me and my siblings are fond of sharing our different worlds to each other, and find it very interesting to find out that even though we have different plans in life, there are some things which we have in common, such as our interest to sports and rea ding books. These common hobbies make us spend time with each other every week. We also have different plans when it comes to family life, and we have thought of different ways on how to rear a family, so this might be one of the reasons of ‘losing’ this closeness in later life, but definitely not losing each other’s contact. Care Giving Tasks among Siblings I believe that family structure and attitude towards family members are largely cultural in nature.

Various Motivational Theories Essay Example for Free

Various Motivational Theories Essay In the early 1920s Walter Chrysler, a retired president of Buick and vice-president of General Motors arrived at the ill-fated Maxwell-Chalmers company. The company has been losing ground for years and they need somebody who has experience and innovation to keep it on the ground. He was hired to organize the company’s downhilled operations. Unfortunately, the partnership between Chalmers and Maxwell ended in the late 1923. Having to deal with the ailing Maxwell, Chrysler still tried to rescue the company through innovation and experimentation of his car designs. In January 1924 his long time project and prototype came into complete being, was introduced in the American market and was well-received. The Chrysler Six Automobile has a 6-cylinder engine, well-engineered and has an advance design but was most affordable to the standard American. In 1925 when Maxwell needed an overhaul with its management and its system, Chrysler re-organized it to form a solid and well organized company. On June 6, 1925, Walter P. Chrysler introduced Chrysler Corporation to the world and became the president. Chrysler’s era was full of challenges as he introduced classic cars that were in balance with the style of yesterday. Ford Motor Company and the General Motors Corporation was the clear competitor in that period and with the popularity of car sporting, Chrysler introduces the Plymouth to be the best car any sport racer could ask for. As the years entered the 1950s, there was an established dominance with the three major American automobile companies and that is to mass produce cars of their every design in order to gain advantage of client’s trend. These 3 major companies were all located near Detroit, Michigan and were all rapidly expanding in the domestic market. Even with a little competition from foreign competitors, the industry grew rapidly, producing bigger and better and affordable cars to match changing consumer choice of style and needs. Regarding the cars as necessities, interstate highway system was constructed for the transition from urban to suburban areas and traveling has never been easier and enjoyable. The time of the automobile had arrived and contributed much too fast to industrialization. Decades after the Second World War there was a slight setback in American automobile industry. In the late 1960s the American automakers are having adversarial relationships with their suppliers. The cost of the materials in manufacturing car supplies and equipment could not support the fast modernization and production of the car industry and therefore resulted in production inefficiency. The end result was suffering for the suppliers. There was the need for outsourcing of component parts and supplies and competitive biddings were done by the car manufacturers to maintain productivity. The car makers even forced the suppliers to give them a steady supply of materials although there is already the problem on high production cost for supplies. This trend resulted in a highly competitive market structure among automotive makers wherein the large buyers are able to abuse smaller parts and component makers. The 1970s was the decade in the introduction of foreign cars by the Japanese. Theirs were smaller, less expensive and more fuel efficient than the large and gas consuming American cars. Their method of company management was also recognized by the Americans as strict but with direction, disciplined but precise and particular but with best quality control measures. This was now the global competition for car manufacturing. The 1980s was the decade for the Japanese automakers to celebrate. They were making cars what the people needs- small but trendy and comfortable. Able to join the free world market the Japanese are having momentum in the car manufacturing industry in the world market and are selling good. This looks like trouble to the American manufacturers. Although there was the opening of gate to foreign exporters the carmakers of America directly advised the Japanese to regulate the exportation of cars to the US or else their own industry would be in trouble. The Japanese complied with the concern of the Americans. In effect the Americans allowed the Japanese to put up and run their own car manufacturing plants in the US soil. From 1980 and 1990, Japanese automakers led by Honda, Mazda, Nissan and Toyota totally invested $5. 3 billion in North America for cars alone. The Japanese are well known for their discipline, dedication and hard work. They do this with their lifestyle and even to work. Their production style and manufacturing practices give them superior support in terms of efficiency, quality assurance and economy. To be able to protect American’s position in their share in the domestic market and to be able to compete in the global economy the Japanese served as good examples for the Americans in their car manufacturing business. Daimler-Benz purchased Chrysler in 1998 and later changed the name of the company into DaimlerChrysler Motors Company LLC. The company became the fifth largest auto maker in the world with estimated annual revenue of $130 billion. The merging of two large companies resulted in a workforce of 421,000 employees worldwide and declared to be a merger of equals thought evidently Daimler-Benz is the dominant partner. Chrysler went into another crisis after this union. The year 2001 was the phasing-out of The Plymouth. Cost-cutting plans were done by sharing of components as well as platforms. The result of this program was the development of the Chrysler Crossfire which has a strong influence by the Mercedes. By the year 2004, the Chrysler 300 and the new introduced Hemi V8 became the top selling brand of the company. The restructuring efforts have contributed to the company’s financial performance as well as the introduction of the these two new brands to the world market.. The partnership of Mitsubishi and Daimler-Chrysler also ended as Daimler divested most of its shares in the firm and also due to Mitsubishi’s diving sales worldwide. Today, the European Commission has approved of the U. S. buyout firm Cerberus Capital Management (CBS) to purchase carmaker Chrysler from DaimlerChrysler (DCXGn) and the deal was approved under basic procedures because nobody lodged any objection, the Commission said. Without any option DaimlerChrysler conceded to sell most of its shares and some of its services that concerns with financing to Cerberus (Reuters, 2007). Meanwhile, the Chrysler Group with the need to restructure its field organization has created five Regional Business Centers to have focus on sales for each region. Every center is empowered to make plans relative to the car’s accessories and parts, incentives and its market. The five Regional Business Centers are located in Detroit, New York, Orlando, Dallas and Los Angeles. The centers will be supported locally with enough assistance such as Finance, Legal, Marketing, Parts Service, Fleet, Customer Relations, Training and Warranty personnel. There would be a need for downsizing staff and re-deployment to the Regional Business Centers. This is done to directly service the dealers and the local markets. It was assumed that the restructuring in the organization will be faster, more responsive and more efficient. (Group, 2007) After many years of pitfalls and improvement and the innovation of cars to the new world, Chrysler has experienced lots of changes and loses just like any giant companies which dominate the car world for decades. Chrysler has been employing many personalities known for their superior management style and productivity. But business is business and there is always a change of climate and trends. Although over the years the primary concern of the car industry is always focused on saving the company with output expenses but maintaining quality and sales, the internal problem would always affect the company’s growth and existence. Now that Chrysler has a new and restructured organization and plans, the need for other strategies to improve productivity is needed. Within the company, jobs are created and sometimes are getting lost too. Ironically, there must be the feeling of hopelessness of the employees because they knew that working with a company that had strived, lose and survived again seems to bring worries. Nobody knows the future and this sometimes causes demoralization to the individuals. Management has always been changing and it only put shivers to every employee that another management who has the capacity to run the company is now looming their heads. This is where enhanced motivations to drive force to the working people must be employed. Motivational strategies are required to every company to lit up the workers into working more, produce more, and be happy about it. But one thing is for sure. Motivation improves when everything in the organization is organized. So the keyword here is â€Å"Organization†. To top it all, the characteristic of a good organization can best be described if everything being done inside the workplace is meaningful to the workers. One of the best methods the organization must include is the injection of beneficial related tasks to the task that were already in practice. A positive environment greatly contributes to the worker’s attitude inside the workplace. Erroneous beliefs, wrong assumptions and expectations that may bring negative learning and guilt must be faced with positive confrontations. If needed, any indication or components that may lead to failure or fear must be removed. Activities that allow the employees to learn should always be advocated. Within an organized institution, an observation for any discontent within the workforce must be enforced. Make the employees involve themselves with the plans, giving them options on how to be more productive. Involve them with all the tasks that require acceleration of learning, interest and efficiency. Organize them so they can have smaller groups and provide them the right to choose their group leaders which can also motivate them to relate and work with bigger groups. From a small group with group leaders into teams and team leaders, this could essentially form a network of supporters for every cell within the organization and company. Sharing is one big factor that emanates from each member of an organization to the top management. Sharing is learning, learning is giving the company the capability to be more adept and ready with any internal and external changes. In conclusion, there must be a continuous supply of feedback particularly to the management. It must recognize that the progress of the company begins from the workforce. If the company does not recognize that there is always the feeling of discomfort and lack of interest to be productive. Recognition breeds motivation. Chrysler has already evolved into a giant corporation and already withstands difficult times. It had already recognized and imitated the work ethics of the Japanese and it still has enough manpower and brains to stir its way to top. Lots of management changes must have contributed to the adoption of different management style and quality employment within the company. But the company must always have to choose the best and not the easiest methods. Motivated people provide growth and stability to the company. Loyalty and trust of all the people within is the best way to avoid losing the best assets of the company. The people within are the driving force of an organization. References Group, C. (2007). Chrysler Group Restructures Field Organization To Empower Local Management [Electronic Version] from http://www. prnewswire. com/cgi-bin/stories. pl? ACCT=105STORY=/www/story/03-26-2001/0001455476. Reuters. (2007). EU Approves Purchase of Chrysler By Cerberus [Electronic Version] from http://www. bnet. com/2407-13071_23-93331. html.

Soft Computing Based Model for Trip Production

Soft Computing Based Model for Trip Production Synopsis  On  A Soft Computing based model for Trip Production and Attraction 1. Area of the Proposed Research work Computer Science Applications 2. Research Topic A Soft Computing based model for Trip Production and Attraction 3. Aim and Objectives of research work The aim and objectives of this research is to develop a soft computing based model for trip production, trip attraction mode-wise traffic pattern in Delhi Urban area keeping in view the development polices of the Delhi Master Plan 2021. The proposed model will greatly help in analytical study of the resulting traffic pattern and its forecasting for future city plans. For modeling and analysis of urban transportation system, Delhi has been selected as the study zone. Data on urban activities and traffic flow was collected from the concerned agencies. Delhi, being the Capital of India, is the main center of socio-economic, political as well as cultural activities of the country. Delhi acts as a major center of trade and commerce. The major share of travel needs of Delhi commuters is road based transport system. 4. Literature Review This section focuses on the review of Literature for the study. It is comprises of the topics, related to general facts about the urban transport system. The early trip generation models, based on aggregate data, predicted total trips between city pairs. The modeling methods generally include regression models, cross-classification analysis, or a combination of both. These methods still have applications due to their mathematical feasibility, data availability, and ease of interpretation (USDOT, 1999). Kiron Chatterjee and Andrew Gordon (2006), focuses on the alternative for the Great Britain future scenarios in the year 2030 and the implications they have for transport provision and travel demand. Kiron Chatterjee and Andrew Gordon (2006) develop a National transport model to predict the national road traffics. In order to take income as a constraint for estimating trip generation there is no mathematical model under this aspect. Also, in the developing countries like India wide income disparity is there which can also plays a leading role in trip generation process. Gravity models are signifying the idea of establishing trip distributions process. In Gravity model, the entries of the Origin-Destination matrix are understood to be a feature of the trip counts and other parameters. The main problem of the gravity model is in the measurement of travel cost. This model has been corroborated numerous times as a basic underlying aggregate association (Levinson and Kumar 1995). For the analysis zones separated by a sizeable distances, the gravity model can work properly. But, the denominator approaches to infinity as the distance between locations decreases. In year 1947, Dantzig created the Linear Programming problem as well as offered the simplex method as its solution of Linear Programming. The simplex method was come in existence in year 1951. A simplex method is an iterative process which works along the boundaries of the problems in feasible region to find a solution of the problem. Also, the simplex method still remains the widely known solution finding technique for solving Linear Programming problems. But, the available option on the bases of Linear Programming was not successful in practice. Estimation of trip distribution is a challenging task for future period. In order to compare the performance of intervening opportunity model, gravity model, intervening opportunity model Wilmot et.al (2006) was conducted a study. With the help of this comparison of observed trips and predicted trips, the study recommended that the traditional urban transportation planning trip distribution models are able to model trip distribution at the cumulative level, and that all models traditional models have achieved similar performance and they similar bottlenecks as well. Anthony Chen et.al (2012) presented a basic planning tool particularly targeted at small (Metropolitan Planning Organization) MPOs was proposed to model the system traffic for the planning applications. This tool made use of PFE (Path Flow Estimator) for both the base year estimation as well as the future year predictions with some accessible field and planning data that can be available in public domains. For this tool no formal validation is done Richter.et.al (2012) presented a model based on the logit model. The model is complex. The logit modal choice association states that the probability of selecting a mode for a trip is depend on the relative values of numerous factors such level-of-service, and travel time etc. The complex part of employing the logit modal choice model is to estimating the parameters that can be assigned for the variables presents in the utility function, so the accuracy of this logit model is not ensured. Daniel et.al 2013, developed a inter-urban trip generation model for AkwaIbom, Nigeria, which is based on the multiple regression analysis model for forecasting future patterns. However, in a trip generation model, based on regression approach is used due to the somewhat cumbersome formulation of a choice model for frequency choice. The composite variable that would represent the service characteristics of destinations is excluded. Here, the trip generation is not based on utility maximization and the interrelationship between the trip frequencies. 5. Methodology of the research work Following figure 5.1 shows the flow of work and the model development for trip generation (trip production and trip attraction) model presented in section 5.1, the model development for trip distribution model discussed in section 5.2 and model development for Mode-choice model discussed in section 5.3. Figure 5.1: Flow of work. 5.1 Model Development for Trip Generation (Trip Production and Trip Attraction) Trip generation Process widely used for forecasting travel demands. Therefore trip generation Process is divided into two parts: Trip attraction Trip Production 5.1.1. Model for Trip Production Trip Production process focuses on the total number of trips produced from the city. For empirical implementation of the Trip production model, Artificial Neural Network System (ANN) is used on the available data. The model was trained using data of the year 2003 2004 and validated on data of the year 2005. Whole process of model implementation including training and validation is accomplished in the following steps. Socio-economic data of all the zones are collected. ANN in MATLAB is used to train the model on the dataset for the year 2003 and 2004. The mode model result is validated using data set for the year 2005. Finally, trip production model is used for forecasting of the Number of passenger’s trips production for the year 2021. 5.1.2. Model for Trip attraction Trip attraction process focuses on the total number of trips attracted by the city. For empirical implementation of the trip attraction model, Artificial Neural Network System (ANN) is used on the available data. The model was trained using data of the year 2003 2004 and validated with data for the year 2005. Whole process of model implementation including training and validation is accomplished in the following steps. Socio-economic data of all the zones are collected. ANN in MATLAB is used to train the model on the dataset for the year 2003 and 2004 and then The mode model result is validated using data set for the year 2005. Finally, trip attraction model is used for forecasting of the Number of passenger’s trips attraction for the year 2021. While validation, it was observed that the result produced by the model is very close to the actual data. The average error estimated during the validation phase is low and minimum error is only 0.8%. 5.2 Model development for Trip distribution Trip distribution Process traveler origins and destinations to developed a â€Å"trip table† that displays the number of trips going from every origin zone to every destination zone. For empirical implementation of the trip distribution model, Genetic Algorithm is used on the available data Whole process of model implementation including training and comparison is accomplished in the following steps. Socio-economic data of all the zones are collected. Genetic Algorithm model in MATLAB is used to implement this model on the data set to compute trip distribution for all the zones in DUA. Finally, Comparisons with of results of Linear Programming model done Finally, comparison of Genetic Algorithm based trip distribution model with traditional linear programming is made. The result achieved from traditional Linear Programming Based Model is not up to the mark as the number of input variables increases linear programming based model gives infeasible solution. 5.3 Model development for Mode-choice model Mode choice Process Trip distributions zonal interchange analysis yields a set of origin destination tables followed by; mode choice analysis allows the modeler to determine which mode of transport will be used. For empirical implementation of the mode-choice model, Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used with surveyed data. The model was trained using survey data for the month February 2013 and March 2013 and validated with on the survey data for the month April 2013. Whole process of model implementation including training and validation is accomplished in the following steps. Data collection from survey at different transit stations for different time periods. ANFIS toolbox in MATLAB is used to train the model for one data set of the month February 2013 and then The model parameters are modified using the second data set of the month March 2013 and Finally the mode model result is validated using data set of the month April 2013. The model is implemented using Adaptive Neural fuzzy Inference System for peak period of work trips in Delhi urban area. The machine learning result is found quite satisfactory with validation error being as low as 0.68%. 6. Data Collection Data on house hold population and socio-economic activities such as commercial centers, Government offices, educational institutions, and health care system were collected from Delhi Transport Corporation, Delhi Development Authority, Municipal Corporation of Delhi, C.R.R.I. (Central Road Research Institute) and also for data collection survey were conducted at transit stations where passengers have option for mode choice. 7. Implementation Result For empirical implementation of the trip production and attraction model Artificial Neural Network System (ANN) is used. While validation it was observed that the result produced by these models is very close to the actual data. The average error estimated during the validation trip production and attraction model phase is low and minimum error is only 0.8%. For empirical implementation of the trip distribution model Genetic Algorithm is used. Trip Distribution model is applied on the real set of data which gives acceptable solution which is easily applicable and compared with other models such as Linear Programming model as well. The result achieved from traditional Linear Programming Based Model is not up to the mark as the number of input variables increases linear programming based model gives infeasible solution. For empirical implementation of the proposed model Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used. While validation it was observed that the result produced by the model is very close to the survey data. The average error estimated during the validation phase is low and minimum error is only 0.68%. 8. Impact of Research The transportation system being multidisciplinary system requires integration and co-ordination of various agencies. This includes STA (State Transport Authority), PWD (Public Works Department), DTC (Delhi Transport Corporation), DDA (Delhi Development Authority) and DMRC (Delhi Metro Rail Corporation) as well. The following table shows the impact of research in academics and industry. 9. Chapter wise contents Chapter 1 This chapter introduces the research subject giving its background and developments in the last decades. The objective of the present research is stated in this chapter. Chapter 2 reviews the literature on different aspects of this study and presents the contribution by different researchers and deficiencies therein. Chapter 3 presents the methodology of the research in chronological order while describing the model hypothesis and formulation in detail. This chapter also includes the description of soft computing tools used in this research. Chapter 4 describes the formulation and empirical implementation of trip production and attraction analysis for Delhi Urban Area and computational results of this work are highlighted. Chapter 5 describes the formulation and empirical implementation of trip distribution analysis for Delhi Urban Area and computational results of this work are highlighted. Chapter 6 describes the formulation and empirical implementation of mode-choice behavior modelling for Delhi Urban Area .The computational results of this work are highlighted in this chapter. Chapter 7 highlights the comments and conclusion of the research work. This also highlights the utility of this research in industry and its future scope. 10. Bibliography [1]Rodrigue, J., Comtois, C. and Slack, B., (2006), â€Å"The Geography of Transport Systems†, Dept. of Economics Geography, Hofstra University [2]Delhi Transport. Delhi Govt. Retrieved 2014. [3]Anthony Chen et.al, â€Å"Forecasting Network Traffic for Small Communities in Utah†, Report No. UTC-1002, February 2012 [4]Dantzing, GB, 1951, Application of the simplex method to a transportation problem, Activity Analysis of production and allocation, TC. Doopmands(ed.), N.Y. Wiley [5]Peter Guller in SYNERGO, Planning Project Management Zurich, Switzerland. â€Å"Integration of Transport and Land- use planning in Japan: Relevant finding from Europe†, [6]Published in Workshop on Implementing sustainable Urban Travel Policies in Japan and other Asia-Pacific Countries, Tokyo, 2-3, March 2005. [7]Kiron Chatterjee Andrew Gordon 2006 , Transport in Great Britain in 2030, ELSEVIER Transport Policy Journal. [8]Levinson, David and Kumar, Ajay(1995) Activity, Travel, and the Allocation of Time, Journal of the American Planning Association [9]FHWA. Injuries to Pedestrians and Bicyclists: An Analysis Based on Hospital Emergency Department Data. Report No. FHWA-RD-99-078. Washington, DC: USDOT, 1999. [10]Wilmot et.al 2006, Modeling Hurricane Evacuation Traffic: Testing the Gravity and Intervening Opportunity Models as Models of Destination choice in Hurricane Evacuation, LTRC Project No. 03-1SS, State Project No. 736-99-1116, Louisiana Transportation Research Center. [11]Richter.et.al., Modelling Mode Choice in Passenger Transport with Integrated Hierarchical Information Integration Journal of Choice Modelling, 5(1), 2012, page no. 1-21 [12]Ekong Daniel et.al, Inter-Urban Trip Generation Models for the Urban Centers in AkwaIbom State, Nigeria, Journal of Civil and Environmental Research, Vol.3, 2013. 11. List of Publications Paper Title: ‘An Improved Modeling of Mode-Choice Behavior in Urban Areas Using Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System’, is present and published in the proceeding of IEEE International Conference on â€Å"Computing for Sustainable Global Development 05-07 March 2014, New Delhi, published in IEEE Xplore. Paper Title: ‘Artificial Neural Network based model for traffic production and attraction: A case study of all the zones of Delhi Urban area ’, is present and published in the proceeding of IEEE International Conference on â€Å"Computing for Sustainable Global Development 05-07 March 2014, New Delhi, published in IEEE Xplore. Paper Title: ‘Trip distribution Model for Delhi Urban Area Using Genetic Algorithm’, is published in International Journal of Computer Engineering Science March 2012; Vol.2 Issue 3, page no.1-8. Paper Title: ‘A soft computing based model for traffic attraction: A case study of a segment of Delhi urban Area’ is published in Vision and Quest, Research Journal of Science Technology and Management, Issue Jan 2010, page no.42-46. Paper Title: ‘Traffic Generation Model for Delhi Urban Area Using Artificial Neural Network’, is published in BVICAM International Journal of Information Technology, December 2010; Vol.2 No.2, page no.239-244 and having impact factor 0.605. 1/12 (Shivendra Goel) Research Scholar, Shobhit University, Meerut.

Lady Macbeth Responsible For Duncans Death Essay -- essays research pa

ohn Keating English Honors Lady Macbeth Must Take Some Blame for Her Husband’s Destruction In Macbeth, a play written by Shakespeare, Lady Macbeth is partially responsible for the destruction of her husband. Lady Macbeth is not a monster without feelings, however she is tricky and cunning when she influences Macbeth to kill Duncan. Lady Macbeth’s ability to influence her husband leads the audience to believe that she is the primary cause for the destruction of Macbeth. The audience is also led to believe that Lady Macbeth is responsible because she makes up the details of the plan to kill Duncan, while Macbeth was considering not even going through with the murder. Although Macbeth had the thought of killing Duncan, he would not have acted on that thought unless Lady Macbeth persuaded him. Lady Macbeth is sly person, able to manipulate her husband, and this ability to manipulate Macbeth makes her partially responsible for the destruction of Macbeth. Lady Macbeth knows that her husband is too kind to kill Duncan without her help she fears â€Å"thy nature; / It is too full o’th’ milk of human kindness / to catch the nearest way† (I.v.16-18). She is very much aware of the fact that she needs to push Macbeth to kill Duncan or else he will not do it. We see Macbeth’s hesitance to murder the king when he lists reasons not to kill Duncan in Act 1, when he says, â€Å"He’s here in double trust: / First, as I am his kinsman and his subject, / Strong both against the deed; then, as his host, /...

Nathaniel Hawthorne :: essays research papers

Nathaniel Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts, the descendent of a long line of Puritan ancestors, including John Hathorne, a presiding magistrate in the Salem witch trials. After his father was lost at sea when he was only four, his mother became overly protective and pushed him toward more isolated pursuits. Hawthorne's childhood left him overly shy and bookish, and molded his life as a writer. Hawthorne turned to writing after his graduation from Bowdoin College. His first novel, Fanshawe, was unsuccessful and Hawthorne himself disavowed it as amateurish. However, he wrote several successful short stories, including "My Kinsman, Major Molyneaux," "Roger Malvin's Burial" and "Young Goodman Brown." However, insufficient earnings as a writer forced Hawthorne to enter a career as a Boston Custom House measurer in 1839. However, after three years Hawthorne was dismissed from his job with the Salem Custom House. By 1842, however, his writing amassed Hawthorne a sufficient income for him to marry Sophia Peabody and move to The Manse in Concord, which was at that time the center of the Transcendental movement. Hawthorne returned to Salem in 1845, where he was appointed surveyor of the Boston Custom House by President James Polk, but was dismissed from this post when Zachary Taylor became president. Hawthorne then devoted himself to his most famous novel, The Scarlet Letter. He zealously worked on the novel with a determination he had not known before. His intense suffering infused the novel with imaginative energy, leading him to describe it as the "hell-fired story." On February 3, 1850, Hawthorne read the final pages to his wife. He wrote, "It broke her heart and sent her to bed with a grievous headache, which I look upon as a triumphant success." The Scarlet Letter was an immediate success and allowed Hawthorne to devote himself to his writing. He left Salem for a temporary residence in Len ox, a small town the Berkshires, where he completed the romance The House of the Seven Gables in 1851. While in Lenox, Hawthorne became acquainted with Herman Melville and became a major proponent of Melville's work, but their friendship became strained. Hawthorne's subsequent novels, The Blithedale Romance, based on his years of communal living at Brook Farm, and the romance The Marble Faun, were both considered disappointments.

Julius Caesar :: essays research papers

Gaius Julius Caesar was born on July 13, 100 BC. Although patrician descent, Caesar's family had not achieved real prominence. His father, also named Gaius Julius Caesar, was the brother-in-law of Gaius Marius and married Aurelia, who was connected with the prominent Aurelii family; he died about 85 BC, however, before reaching the consulship. In 84, Caesar married Cornelia, daughter of Marius's old partner Lucius Cornelius Cinna. When Lucius Cornelius Sulla ordered him to divorce her, he refused and escaped harm through the intervention of such people as his mother's relative, Gaius Aurelius Cotta. Caesar was then sent to collect a fleet from the Roman ally Nicomedes IV of Bithynia and was honored for conspicuous bravery at the siege of Mytilene. Returning home after Sulla's death , he unsuccessfully prosecuted two Sullans, Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella and Gaius Antonius Hibrida. He then left Rome for studies in Rhodes but was captured by pirates. After obtaining ransom, he recruited private troops, captured the pirates, and had them executed in. His studies on Rhodes were interrupted by the outbreak of war with Mithradates VI of Pontus, against who he gathered a force in 74. During a legateship to help Marcus Antonius Creticus fight piracy, Caesar was made a pontiff at Rome in 73 BC. After his military tribunate and possible service against Spartacus, he sided with those seeking power from outside the circle of nobles who dominated the Senate. He supported restoration of tribunician powers and the recall from exile of those who had supported Marcus Aemilius Lepidus in his revolt of 77. Caesar also advertised his Marian connections: by displaying Marius's effigies at his aunt Julia's funeral; through funeral orations for both Julia and his wife; and by the restoration of Marius' battle trophies on the Capitoline Hill. After a quaestorship in Spain, Caesar earned popularity among the Transpadane Gauls by supporting their agitation for Roman citizenship. He next married Pompeia, granddaughter of Sulla and relative of Pompey the Great, and evidence indicates that he supported important military assignments for Pompey in 67 and 66. As aedile in 65 BC, he achieved great popularity--and went into debt--by financing splendid games. He also probably cooperated with Marcus Licinius Crassus in an attempt to annex Egypt, in supporting Catiline for the consulship, and in promoting the land-distribution bill of Publius Servilius Rullus. In 64 BC, Caesar presided over trials of those who had committed murder during Sulla's proscriptions.

Chartes Cathedral 1

Entering Chartres Cathedral Through the Central Portal In the town of Chartres about 50 miles southwest of Paris, is where the Chartres Cathedral is located and can be seen for miles as it is the tallest structure and was built on the highest point of the town. Cathedrale Notre-Dame de Chartres is its formal name but since the majority of the French Cathedrals were dedicated to the Virgin Mary, to avoid confusion the cathedrals are referred to the town to which they belong. The Chartres Cathedral has portals on the northern, southern, and western sides of the building.Each of the Portals has three enormous doors that are surrounded by sculptures depicting scenes from the life of Jesus and Mary as well as a Colossal Rose Window, which is above the doors. The Western Portal also called the Royal Portal is the oldest part of the church and mostly built in the Romanesque Style that was a precursor of Gothic. After a fire in The southern transept portals’ sculptures are of the New Testament and depict scenes from the Last Judgment while the Rose Window is a stain glass masterpiece of The Glorification of Christ.As you approach the central door, you are greeted by a statue of Jesus holding a book in one hand and appearing to be giving a blessing with his other, as his Disciples flank him on both sides of the jamb. The statue of Jesus is on the trumeau which is a column supporting a tympanum of a doorway at its center. Once through the door you are in the southern transept. This section of the cathedral is an arm of the Latin Cross that is the floor plan of all cathedrals. Just ahead is the Crossing, to your left is a side aisle of the nave, and to your right are the double aisles that lead to the area that is the back area of the Apse.The Apse is a rounded end (semi-circle) of a cathedral, church, or building that demonstrates its importance. Chartres Cathedral was constructed with double aisles to accommodate the large number of pilgrims who visited daily and who would pray in the Chapels. The back part of the Apse houses the Choir Screen, Choir Aisle (the first aisle), the Ambulatory (the second aisle), and seven Radiating Chapels. As you journeying towards the Apse, the next section that you will traverse is called the Crossing. This area is the center of the Latin Cross in the floor plan.There are four massive columns that are as big as the North American Red Woods that mark the four corners. These columns were carved to appear to be a cluster of many smaller columns to give the appearance of being lighter in mass that they really are. As your eye follows the columns up you notice the Triforium an area of arches that form a gallery or an arcade, and the Clerestory the section that has the most stain glass windows to allow daylight into the interior. These areas form the upper two levels of the Nave in the Cathedral.As your gaze continues upward you then began to notice the rib vaults that form the ceiling. As your eyes follow the rib s downward you notice the Piers that seem to sprout out of the columns that support the upper levels as well as the roof. Turning toward the right you are now facing the Choir this is the area that leads to the Apse. You have arrived. The Apse is cordon off by a low wrought iron prayer fence. This area is elevated by a series of wide steps that allow seating for the Leaders of the Cathedral, Alter, candles and other items used during Mass.There are 15 stain glass windows on the Clerestory level and approximately 60 on the Triforium level creating a Bay that illuminates the Apse. A Comparison of Giotto’s Arena Chapel Nativity with that of Pisano in the Pisa Baptistery Pulpit Giovanni Pisano (1250 – 1315) and Giotto di Bondone (1266 – 1337) were contemporaries who are credited as geniuses of the Italian Renaissance because they both produced works that were correctly created from the natural world. The natural stances, proportions, and folds of the material are ev ident in each of their works.Gone are the elongated bodies and stylized pleats and patterns of the Byzantine style, which preceded the Renaissance Giovanni was an Italian sculpture, painter, and architect who received his training from his famous father Nicola Pisano. Giovanni worked as his father’s apprentice up until his death (1284) this is when his sculptures began to have a more natural appearance. It is believed that Giotto was discovered by the Florentine Cimabue painter discovered Giotto drawing pictures of his sheep on a rock. They were so lifelike that Cimabue asked his father if he could take the boy as an apprentice.Giotto was a painter, sculpture, and architecture, who is considered the first of the Italian Renaissance. Although Giovanni and Giotto worked in different mediums, the breadths of their works are of traditional religious subject. Giovanni’s Pisano Pisa Baptistery Pulpit is hexagonal functional sculpture carved from marble that is divided into t hree sections. The lower register has lions and other figures, with the lions depicted as vanquishing prey – a Romanesque symbol for Christianity triumphing over paganism.The middle level depicts personified Virtues and Prophets, and the upper, has reliefs depicting events in the life of Christ. Giotto’s Nativity scene is one of 53 Frescos painted for the Arena Chapel that displays a host of Angels, shepherds, animals, Joseph asleep in the foreground, while a relaxing Mary and the Midwife place a swaddled infant Jesus into the manger. There is a similar scene in high relief of a reclining Mary and swaddled Jesus on one of the upper panels of the Baptistery Pulpit. It took Giovanni about 8 years to complete the pulpit while it took Giotto 5 years for the whole Chapel.Although one may think that a painting is easier that a sculpture, the technique for creating a fresco is time consuming due to the need of only applying the wet plaster to the area of the wall to be painte d in small patches. All the while temperature and atmospheric conditions could alter the paint as well as the drying time. Any areas that had a mistake would have to be cut out and the process would begin anew. The Baptistery Pulpit and the Nativity scene are both in some state of disrepair but to attempt to rectify this may further damage and take away from these great mater pieces.Another notable similarity between the two pieces is the use of the chiaroscuro technique. This is the use of deep variations in and subtle gradations of light and shade, especially to enhance the delineation of character and for general dramatic effect. A few places in the Nativity scene Giotto used were to create the folds in the clothing and the crags seen on the mountains of the background. Giovanni was able to show this technique through the deep carvings, which cast shadows creating the light and dark areas.Both pieces are filled with symbolism such as the personification of Fortitude on the middle level of the pulpit as Hercules and the painted ass that represents the unenlightened and the ignorant for it’s failure to recognize the significance of the moment. Both works were commissioned not only to beautify their surroundings, but also to inspire and to educate through an emotional experience by viewing the realistic scenes. References http://images. library. pitt. edu/cgi-bin/i/image http://www. mcah. columbia. edu/ha/panos/Chartres/nave/ http://www. medievalart. org. k/Chartres/Chartres_default. htm http://upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Basilique_Saint-Denis_01. jpg http://www. mcah. columbia. edu/ha/html/medieval_chartres_ntransept. htm http://classics. uc. edu/~johnson/hum98/chartres-intext. asp http://teach2thrill. blogspot. com/2011/12/chartres-cathedral. html http://www. mcah. columbia. edu/ha/panos/Chartres/crossing/ http://www. sacred-destinations. com/france/chartres-cathedral http://www. medart. pitt. edu/image/France/Chartres/Chartres-Cathe dral/Windows/Transept-windows/122A-South-Rose/Chartres-122SouthRose.HTM http://www. GreatBuildings. com/cgi-bin/gbi. cgi/Chartres_Cathedral. html/cid_aj2831_b. html http://www. mcah. columbia. edu/ha/html/medieval_chartres_ambulatory. htm http://www. medart. pitt. edu/image/France/Chartres/Chartres-Cathedral/Architecture/Interior/Main-Level/Main-Int-Frame. html http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Giovanni_Pisano http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Nicola_Pisano http://www. ibiblio. org/wm/paint/auth/giotto/ http://www. wga. hu/frames-e. html? /html/g/giotto/padova/index. html http://www. bluffton. edu/~sullivanm/italy/pisa/baptistrypulpit/pulpit. html

Musical Instruments Classification Essay

All musical instruments can be divided into four major classes: aerophones, chordophones, electrophones and percussion. The biggest and the most versatile class is aerophones which can be further subdivided into free aerophones and pipe aerophones. On the next level free aerophones fall into those with free reed and with beating reed. Beating reed aerophones are represented by single reed (organ pipes) and double reed (human voice) instruments. Free reed instruments in their turn split into those with framed and unframed reed. Each of these two groups is then subdivided according to the way they are played. Unframed reed aerophones can be wind-blown (bull-roarer, Aeolian harp), mouth-blown(leaf instrument), or mouth-blown-and-plucked (Jew’s harp) while frames reed instruments are mechanically-blown(barrel organ, orchestrion), foot-blown (harmonium, pedal concertina), hand-blown (bayan, accordion), and mouth-blown (harmonica, khaem). The pipe subclass splits into brass, reed pipe and edge pipe aerophones. Each of them is further divided into two subclasses: brass aerophones into those with (trumpet, French horn) and without (didgeridoo, trombone) valves; reed pipe into single reeds (clarinet, saxophone) and double reeds (oboe, bassoon); edge subclass into whistle flutes (whistle) and tree flutes (flute, piccolo). The second largest major class of musical instruments is percussion instruments which fall into membranophones and idiophones. Membranophones are subdivided into those with determinate pitch and with indeterminate pitch. Both of them are then classified by the type of impact: struck (roto drums, snare and bass drum), rubbed (friction drum), and blown (kazoo). Idiophones split into pitched and unpitched and then also include struck (triangle, bell, castanets), rubbed (glass harmonica), plucked (kalimba), and shaken (jingles) percussion insruments. Chordophones have only three primary subclasses: bowed chordophones (violin, cello), plucked chordophones (guitar, banjo), and struck chordophones (piano). The last class of electrophones includes electric/acoustic (electric guitar, bass etc) and electronic insrtruments. Electronic ones then split into electromagnetic (electric organ, synthesizer) and digital (MIDI keyboard, MIDI guitar).

Amber Inn & Suites, Inc

Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. is a 250 property hotel chain with locations in 10 western and Rocky Mountain States. As a special assistant to the corporation the goal is to prepare a comprehensive analysis with the possibility of establishing a solid base for future growth. (Kerin and Peterson, 2010). This case study will provide a summary and analysis of Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. options and an examination into the company’s strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities. Problem Modification Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. problems to be addressed are how to emphasize on the corporate travelers and vacationing family stays. The American Hotel and Lodging Association have reported one half of all guests are business travelers and the other half are for leisure or family vacations. In comparison, Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. basically offers the same amenities as other hotel chains in the midscale to economy range. (Kerin and Peterson, 2010). However, they are not able to compete with higher level hotel chains due to limited-services which inhibit their growth potential. Case Analysis Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. has projected growth in the annual lodging revenue of 7.4% for the current fiscal year. However, it is still slightly below the overall hotel industry average of 7.6%, but higher than the average limited-service growth rate of 5.8%. However, Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. is also projected to reflect its’ third year net loss while the hotel industry as a whole and the limited-service operations reported profitable operations over the past three years following improved economic conditions. (Kerin and Peterson, 2010). During the past fiscal year, Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. has closed two underperforming Amber Inn locations and opened one Amber Inn & Suites property. In the past few years, Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. has closed 12 underperforming Amber Inn properties, and opened two Amber Inn properties and three Amber Inn & Suites properties. Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. is projected to reflect lower revenue in the current fiscal year due to â€Å"Free-Night Stay† promotions. The loss of revenue for each location utilizing this promotion will have an effect on overall performance of the chain. The Direct Cost per room is projected to be $28.75 which has remained steady for the past three years. However, variable costs directly associated with the operation of the hotel properties, such as direct labor, utilities, and hotel/room supplies (including breakfast food and beverage service) are subject to change. (Kerin and Peterson, 2010). Corporate expenses are subject to the going market rates for Sales, general, and administrative. These costs can include: 1. IT Services 2. Legal 3. Finance expenses (interest rates) 4. Accounting (especially if utilizing outside sources such as an accountant) 5. Human resources (outside sources are more costly) 6. Sales (outside sources are more costly) 7. Marketing (outside sources are more costly) Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. hired two additional National Sales Representatives this past year for a total of 10 representatives. Marketing cost rose due to added marketing and media advertising. A large scale study was performed to identify Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. guests. Both of these additions increased the expenditures for the current fiscal year with results and benefits to be determined in the future. Identifying the Root Problem Components Executives have expressed concern over the occupancy level at each of the locations. Asking questions as follows: 1. Are we utilizing the very best promotions or are there better promotions we can offer 2. Are we asking questions about what consumers want 3. What determines which hotel they choose to stay at 4. Why are we comparing Amber Inn as an economy hotel when we offer better services 5. Are we meeting our guests expectations 6. Are we providing the best services available 7. Are our rooms up to the companies standards at all locations These are all questions we should be asking ourselves and finding answers. We can improve our performance as a leader in hotel management for all locations and we will meet guest’s expectations. Evaluation of Alternatives As a Special Assistant for Amber Inn & Suites, Inc., recommendations would include widen the target market to include more amenities for business travelers and the leisure/family vacations. There is no reason to trade off the leisure/family vacation business vs. business travelers. You can look at ways of establishing sections in the hotel to accommodate both. Such as north, south, east, and west wings to separate the families from the business guests. A business guest may not want a room full of children above, under, next door, or across the hall from them. The noise level is a problem for a business traveler preparing for meetings. This causes complaints. Simple solutions separate them at check-in. Identify who your guests are and what their needs are going to be while visiting your location. Advertising this consideration will be a big plus for any business traveler or singles who do not want to listen to a crying baby. Displaying emphasis on what a guests needs are will separate you and establish the brand. Brand awareness is a major emphasis in the upcoming year. A meeting needs to be arranged with the CEO, Joseph James, and all other executives to present a plan of action. If you do not make brand awareness your mission how does Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. plan to take control of their destiny? All executives need to have the same goals to make Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. the best it can be. Special attention should be given to a set growth plan for advertising and promotions. Since the ‘Free-Night† is costing Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. money come up with a better incentive to entice guests to stay at your chain instead of any other. Promote Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. is such a way your guests seek you out. My recommendation is to identify your target market of past business travelers and leisure/vacation guests send emails offering special rates/discounts for multiple night stays. Let them know about the new way of assigning rooms based on needs of the guests. Add this information to Amber Inn & Suites, Inc. website for future potential guests. Making this change to website information will become word of mouth advertising. This is the best advertisement you can have and it is free! Growth potential in all areas outlined creates the opportunities to be more successful! Recommendations The following are recommendations: 1. Place more emphasis on the leisure/vacation travelers and business travelers 2. Set up sections of the hotel for lodging based on guests needs separating business travelers and single/older guest needing quieter environments vs. family guests with children 3. Establish the rooming needs for guests during the reservation or check-in process 4. Establish Express check-out service onsite 5. Establish/emphasize brand awareness through emails (former guest) and website information 6. Set up check-in/check-out service via website guests will just need to stop briefly at the counter to receive/drop off rooms keys 7. Broaden advertisement/promotions offering discounts/special rates for returning guests 8. Improve efficiencies at locations guest needs being primary focus Conclusion The emphasis in the upcoming year will be meeting guest needs in all areas. With special focus on establishing a new way to assigning rooms for guests, listening to guests about what they want and need, and lowering or eliminating guest complaints. Setting our Amber Inn brand apart from other hotels in the industry, creating the perfect environment for all guests, and raising our expectations compared to economy level hotels. Promote the Amber Suites brand to be very comparable to any other hotel chain in the midscale range even though we do not offer onsite restaurants and conference facilities. Eliminate the â€Å"Free-Night† promotion and design a new promotion to create customer loyalty and establish brand choice. All of these upgrade changes can be accomplished with our guests in mind. Now let’s work together to rebuild a new future!

Centre for Disease Control (CDC) communication plan

Centre for Disease Control (CDC) communication plan A communication plan is a tool used to reach certain audiences by means of information channeling and dissemination. A good communication plan guides an organization in its endeavor to reach its target audience. It must give in detail the methods and timelines to be used so as to accomplish its objectives.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Centre for Disease Control (CDC) communication plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It gives an organization an effective platform in which to exchange messages, ideas and information, both within and without the organization therefore, enabling it to align its strategies with its mission and objectives (Bell Smith, 1999, p. 146).The Centre for Disease Control (CDC) is charged with ensuring safety of the citizens in terms of health. It deals with diseases ranging from viral, bacterial and even nuclear related diseases. Therefore, it must have an effective tool in which informa tion is disseminated to the employees and target consumers. This paper is going to discuss the issues that affect CDC, its communication channels and ways to improve its communication. Introduction After the September 9th terrorist attack in New York, the American citizens became more afraid about their security. The Centre for Disease control (CDC) is at the heart of medical field in the United States, it’s mandate among others include, keeping track of existing communicable diseases, vaccination against certain diseases like flu, tracking and preventing bio-terrorism and containing outbreaks of diseases, in extreme cases, quarantine the affected population. Therefore, it is of importance for CDC to have a proper communication plan that will enable them to disseminate information to its audience, in this case, the general public, the hospitals under its mandate, the medical practitioners and other government agencies (Bell Smith, 1999, p. 156). The events that followed afte r the attack can only be described as life changing, since governments all over the world begun implementing strategies to counter such attacks. This communication plan is going to be affected by various factors (Bell Smith, 1999, p. 254). Some of these factors are controllable and some are not. The controllable factors include but not limited to, method of information dissemination; either through the print, electronic or social media. The method one chooses to disseminate information is at one’s peril, one has to choose a method and medium that will ensure maximum reach for maximum impact (Paul Jonathan, 2004, p.32). Other factors include the kind of information to be disseminated.Advertising Looking for term paper on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More You want to give your audience only the relevant information and information that is going to generate positive responses in terms of p reparedness (Baldoni, 2003, p.61). As CDC, our work is in sensitive areas of health, some situations are life and death types, therefore, we only have to give information that is going to make the audience aware of a threat, but not enough to make them more afraid. For government agencies and other related institutions. We need to provide them with as much information because they are a source of help and can lend a much needed hand. Factors that are not at our control include the media reaction, public reaction and the processes of other institutions and agencies. We disseminate information with all the good intent, but we cannot control how the media will react after they get such information. We live in a free world, where the media has the freedom to choose how to air it’s views, therefore, all the CDC can do is give the required information and prepare for damage control in case of a backlash. This is only in extreme situations. In order to do proper damage control, the CDC has to equip its experts with the right information to defend its actions. This applies to the public reaction and opinion too. It is upon, us as an agency to elaborate where possible and give more information where needed. In terms of other agencies’ processes, the CDC has no control over, therefore, we can only serve to provide guidance and it’s upon the agency to use its resources to execute the plan. However, as the agency responsible for preventing, controlling phenomena and treating diseases, we have to develop an effective mechanism for communication that will ensure that no misinterpretation on miscommunication occurs. Communications Plan for the CDC The Purpose of the Plan The objective of this communication plan is to provide support to CDC’s strategic objectives and provide effective action plan for the organizational communication of the Centre for Disease Control for the next one year.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Centre for Disease Control (CDC) communication plan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It serves as a guiding document for all the communication that the CDC will undertake both within and without the organization’s structure in an effort to reach the American citizens, our health facilities, the security agencies, drug manufacturers and related agencies around the world (Janel, 1998, p.12). This framework will ensure that CDC will be able to contain all the threats that America faces either nuclear related, bioterrorism or the day to day outbreaks of diseases. This will also ensure that we do not lose track of other issues that we are currently dealing with such as researching on new medicines and methods of controlling disease spread (Baldoni, 2003, p.67). Targeted audiences and partners The target population or audience of the CDC in this program include the following; American population: the general population is always at risk and are the direct sufferers of an incident. Federal and State governments: The federal government is in charge of CDC and is advised in health issues by the CDC, therefore the CDC should be ready to give the federal government information so that it can rally its agencies to take action. Health practitioners: These are the people responsible for providing health care to the population. National security agencies including but not limited to the FBI, CIA, Homeland Security and Department of Defence: These are national agencies responsible for keeping external and internal threats at bay. Specific groups of stakeholder Federal and state Governments As stated above, the CDC gets its mandate from the federal government. They play an advisory role and also coordinate action on the ground. The CDC will inform the Department of Health and Human Services of the foregoing through the use of external memos, phone calls and fax. The Department of Health and Human Services requires all the i nformation from the ground, the circumstances leading to the event and what the CDC is doing to tackle the foregoing. Since it is an agency-agency communication, the head of operations on the ground will contact the head of CDC then the head of CDC will contact the person/department responsible for receiving information of such nature in the Department of Health and Human Services. This communication will be done through the use of telephone call for conveying immediate information, and then followed by a fax detailing action and casualties. Later, an inter-agency memo is going to accompany the full report of the occurrence.Advertising Looking for term paper on business communication? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The CDC will also use it’s centres across the country to inform the state governments on what action they need to take in order to prevent a similar occurrence or how to advice its residence. This will be done through telephone calls, fax and/or reports detailing contingency measures. American population The Centre for Disease Control’s mandate is to, as quoted from its mission statement: â€Å"Collaborating to create the expertise, information, and tools that people and communities need to protect their health – through health promotion, prevention of disease, injury and disability, and preparedness for new health threats† (CDC, 2011). This mission statement mentions communities and people. As an American agency, the community here is the general public. Therefore, this is our target group. This group needs information on how to behave in case an emergency occurs. The CDC wants to keep people as far away from the incident site as possible. In this case, if a bio-terrorist attack occurs in a subway station in New York the direct sufferers will be the subway users. The media, both electronic and print will be used, to disseminate information. CDC officials will appear in programs on television organized in a manner to ensure that there are audience to discuss issues, answer questions from the public and from the moderator. The print media will be used to feature the CDC and the information it wants to disseminate. The CDC will use this medium knowing that the American public are watching as illustrated by Nielsen’s Three Screen Report- Q1 09 A2/M2: Overall Usage Number of Users 2+ (in 000’s)- Monthly Reach 1Q09 4Q08 1Q08 % Difference Year to Year Watching TV in the House 284,574 285,313 281,106 1.2% Watching Time shifted TV 79,533 73,934 57,934 37.3% Using the Internet 163,110 161,525 158,002 3.2% Watching Video on Internet 131,102 123,195 115,970 13.0% Using Mobile Phone 230,436 228,920 219,619 4.9% M obile Subscribers Watching Video on a Mobile Phone 13,419 11,198 8,817 52.2% Source: The Nielsen Company, 2009. Secondly social media will also be used to reach the youth and the connected generation. Presentations to groups, brochures, flyers, and special events programs at town halls will also be used as follow up methods to ensure that all the population is reached. Health practitioners As stated in roman number two above, the CDC is mandated to protect the citizens from any harm that may result from health complications caused by either pathogens or poisonous substances disseminated either accidentally or otherwise. The health practitioners are responsible for providing medical remedies to infected or affected citizens. In case a nuclear disaster occurs, the CDC is mandated to advise the health centres on what medicine to give to people. Normally, the CDC publishes and distributes information on new medical discoveries, but in cases of emergencies, it will use its centres to spread the information. Alternatively, in cases where there are no centres, it will use fax and telephone calls. National security agencies including but not limited to the FBI, CIA, Homeland Security and Department of Defence These are the security apparatus responsible for ensuring the physical safety of American population. The CDC deals with issues touching on national security; therefore, it has a prerogative to disseminate relevant information to the national security organs. In this communication, the CDC will use its communications department to disseminate information to this apparatus. The use of telephone calls, fax, memos, and reports will be affected in such communications (Fearn-Banks, 2007, p. 170). Telephone calls will be used to address urgent matters such as imminent attack, reporting an incident or enquiry. Fax, memos, and reports will be used as follow ups and explaining events further. Evaluation Success of this plan will depend upon the employees of the CDC. Th e employees are the cornerstone of these communications, since they are the ones who will be responsible for executing all the actions, either information collection, entering data or even posting the materials. We will conduct an evaluation of the whole process. These are some of the parameters we will use to measure success: Media airtime allocated to CDC programs: The more time allocated, the more likely we will reach many audiences. The tone of the coverage: Did the media convey the message in a positive light or it was critical The location of the media outlet: This matters because it shows which audiences we reached and the literacy rates of the population. The more populated the location and coverage area, the more people we will reach. How many fliers were given out and how many people attended events? How many phone calls, emails, or letters did you receive after the campaign ended? All these parameters will help in measuring our reach and the impact of our campaign. Back up plan Just like any other plan, there are setbacks that can cause the whole process to collapse. As noticed, the whole plan uses conventional means of conveying information. We will initiate another round of campaigns to follow up on the previous plans. This will largely focus on the media both print and electronic in the form of features. References Baldoni, J. (2003). Great communication secrets of great leaders. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional. Bell, A., Smith, D. (1999). Management Communication. New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc. CDC. (2011). Vision, Mission, Core Values, and Pledge. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/about/organization/mission.htm Fearn-Banks, K. (2007).Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Janel, R. (1998). Strategic Communications for Non-profit Organization: Seven  Steps to Creating a Successful Plan. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons. The Nielsen Company. (2009). Television, Internet and Mobile Usage in the U.S.  A2/M2 Three Screen Report. 4th Quarter 2008. Web.

Friday essays

Friday essays The movie Friday is a comedy, but it also depicts many important social issues. The story is set in the city of Los Angeles, California, in what could be called a high-class ghetto. This movie is about a young black man who loses his job and is influenced by his best friend to smoke marijuana. The movie also shows the relationships of his family and other members of his neighborhood. With a zany cast of characters and a hilarious script, this movie touches on everything from gang violence to the use of drugs, crime, guns, relationships, sex, and life in the ghetto. In the movie Friday, rap star Ice Cube plays the character Craig. Craig has never smoked marijuana. However, his best friend "Smokey" smokes marijuana everyday. Craig loses his job, leaving him home all day with nothing to do to occupy his time. He just hangs out in the neighborhood with his friends. Smokey tries to convince Craig to try some marijuana. At first Craig doesn't want to. Smokey is persistent. He points out to Craig that he doesn't have to work and doesn't have anything better to do. Craig finally agrees, so him and Smokey eventually sit on the front porch and smoke some marijuana. Peer pressure is obviously the only reason Craig gives in. Actually he had other options, but he chose not to use them. Common sense and a simple explanation would have worked for Craig just fine (How to Say No and Keep Your Friends 23). Everyday we are faced with choices. It is up to us to decide what's right and wrong. Craig decides to try it and things start to happen that he really doesn't like. Craig and Smokey get into some trouble with the neighborhood dealer, Big Worm. Smokey sells marijuana for him, but can't pay him the money he owes because he and Craig smoked all the marijuana. Big Worm threatens them and sends a gang of "hoods" after them with machine guns. They just barely escape and are scared out o...

Alice in Wonderland essays

Alice in Wonderland essays Lewis Carrolls works Alices Adventures in Wonderland s is shown a childs ability to survive in a hostile world. By this last statement I am referring to Cohens comment that Wonderland (published in1865) captures the disappointments, fears, and bewilderment that all children encounter in their dealings with authoritarian, pompous and mystifying adults which Wonderland seems to have no deficiency of. Throughout the story Carroll portrays his views on the education of the times. He makes morals and tales of obedience(Brown,May Lee) seem nonsensical by the character of the Duchess and Alices preoccupation with her lessons. The Duchess keeps insisting to Alice that Everythings got a moral, if only you can find it(Wonderland, 70), but with morals like mustard and dogs both bite(Wonderland, 70) you can see this rule is not quite right. The absurdity of such a character(Brown,May Lee) trying to teach Alice anything is a parody of what Carroll thought about the lessons children were being taught. Also Alice refers to her lessons and her education, usually very proud of the learning that she has acquired. It seems, however, that the information that she remembers from her lessons is usually either wrong or completely useless.(Brown, May Lee) All...

My research focuses the case of Williams v Roffey Essays

My research focuses the case of Williams v Roffey Essays My research focuses the case of Williams v Roffey Essay My research focuses the case of Williams v Roffey Essay This research focuses the instance ofWilliams v Roffey Bros A ; Nicholls ( Contractors ) Ltd [ 1991 ] 1 QB 1The research analyses the major issues that the Court of Appeal how their Lordships used the instances ofWard V Byham[ 1 ] ,Pao On V Lau Yiu Long[ 2 ] , andHoenig V Isaacs[ 3 ] to make their determination. The research so goes on to discourse theratio decidendiandobiter pronouncementof the instance, before reasoning on the case’s impact onStilk V Myrick[ 4 ] .

Political Profile of President Barack Obama

Political Profile of President Barack Obama On November 4, 2008, 47-year-old Barack Obama was elected to be the 44th President of the United States, after a hard-fought two-year presidential campaign. He was sworn in as president on January 20, 2009. Fast Facts: Barack Obama Full Name: Barack Hussein Obama, IIKnown For: 44th President of the United States, in office January 20, 2009- January 20, 2017Born: August 4, 1961 in Honolulu, HawaiiParents: Barack Obama Sr. and Ann DunhamSpouse: Married on October 18, 1992 to Michelle Robinson, an attorney and Chicago nativeChildren: Malia and SashaEducation: B.A. in international relations, 1983, Columbia University. J.D. from Harvard Law School, where he was the first black Editor of the Harvard Law ReviewMajor Accomplishments: First African American president, Nobel Peace Price (2009), Profile in Courage Award (2017), best-selling authorFun Fact: Obama is a Chicago White Sox and Chicago Bears fan, and an avid basketball player Early Life Born Barack Hussein Obama, Jr, his father was a Kenya-born Harvard-educated economist and his mother was Ann Dunham, a caucasian anthropologist. He was 2 years old when his father left the family. His father (deceased in 1982) returned to Kenya, and only saw his son once more. His mother remarried, and moved Barack to Indonesia. He returned to Hawaii at age 10 to live with his maternal grandparents. He graduated from the respected Punahou School with honors. As a teenager, he scooped ice cream at Baskin-Robbins, and has admitted to dabbling in marijuana and cocaine. His mother died of cancer in 1995. Political Timeline Before entering politics, Obama worked as a community organizer and a civil rights attorney. In addition, Obama was a Senior Lecturer in Constitutional Law at University of Chicago Law School. In the early 90s, he aggressively organized one of the largest voter registration drives in Chicago history to help Bill Clintons 1992 election. Obama (D-IL) was elected to the U.S. Senate on November 2, 2004, after serving 7 years as an Illinois state senator. In 2004, Sen. Obama also signed a $1.9 million deal to author 3 books. The first, The Audacity of Hope, discusses his political convictions. His 1995 autobiography was a bestseller. Barack Obamas voting record and stances as US Senator and Illinois State Senator reflect a practical, common sense progressive thinker who emphasizes increased support for teachers, college affordability, and restoration of meaningful federal support of veterans. As a Senator, Obamas areas of special legislative interest were in support for working families, public education, health care, economic growth and jobs creation, and ending the Iraq War. As an Illinois state senator, he worked passionately for ethics reforms and criminal justice reform. Obama first rose to national prominence when he delivered an inspiring keynote speech at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. On February 10, 2007, Barack Obama declared his candidacy for the 2008 Democratic nomination for the presidency. On June 3, 2008, Obama accumulated enough Democratic convention delegates votes to become the presumptive party nominee for the presidential race. On October 9, 2009, the Nobel Committee announced that President Barack Obama had been awarded the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize. The Obama Persona Barack Obama is a independent-minded leader with an even-keel temperament, charismatic speaking skills and a knack for consensus-building. Hes also a talented, introspective writer. His values are strongly shaped by his expertise as a Constitutional law professor and civil rights attorney, and by Christianity. While private by nature, Obama mingles easily with others, but is most comfortable addressing large crowds. He is known for being unafraid to speak and hear hard truths when necessary. Obama was named by Time magazine in 2005, 2007 and 2008 as one of the 100 most influential people in the world. Memorable Quotes You cant have No Child Left Behind if you leave the money behind. I do agree that the Democrats have been intellectually lazy in failing to take the core ideals of the Democratic Party and adapting them to circumstances.... Its not just a matter of sticking in a quote from the Bible into a stock speech. There has yet to be a serious conversation about health care on the floor of the United States Senate. ...as parents, we need to find the time and the energy to step in and find ways to help our kids love reading. We can read to them, talk to them about what theyre reading and make time for this by turning off the TV ourselves. Libraries can help parents with this. Knowing the constraints we face from busy schedules and a TV culture, we need to think outside the box here - to dream big like we always have in America. Right now, children come home from their first doctors appointment with an extra bottle of formula. But imagine if they came home with their first library card or their first copy of Goodnight Moon? What if it was as easy to get a book as it is to rent a DVD or pick up McDonalds? What if instead of a toy in every Happy Meal, there was a book? What if there were portable libraries that rolled through parks and playgrounds like ice cream trucks? Or kiosks in stores where you could borrow books? What if during the summer, when kids often lose much of the reading progress theyve made during the year, every child had a list of books they had to read and talk about and an invitation to a summer reading club at the local library? Libraries have a special role to play in our knowledge economy. - June 27, 2005 Speech to the American Library Association

Measuring Earthquake Intensities Using Seismic Scales

Measuring Earthquake Intensities Using Seismic Scales The first measuring tool invented for earthquakes was the seismic intensity scale. This is a rough numerical scale to describe how severe an earthquake is in the place where youre standing- how bad it is on a scale of 1 to 10. Its not hard to come up with a set of descriptions for intensity 1 (I could barely feel it) and 10 (Everything around me fell down!) and the gradations in between. A scale of this kind, when its carefully made and consistently applied, is useful even though its based entirely on descriptions, not measurements. Scales of earthquake magnitude (the total energy of a quake) came later, the result of many advances in seismometers and decades of data collection. While seismic magnitude is interesting, seismic intensity is more important: its about the strong motions that actually affect people and buildings. Intensity maps are prized for practical things like city planning, building codes, and emergency response. To Mercalli and Beyond Dozens of seismic intensity scales have been devised. The first to be widely used was made by Michele de Rossi and Francois Forel in 1883, and before seismographs were widespread the Rossi-Forel scale was the best scientific tool we had. It used roman numerals, from intensity I to X. In Japan, Fusakichi Omori developed a scale based on the types of structures there, such as stone lanterns and Buddhist temples. The seven-point Omori scale still underlies the Japanese Meteorological Agencys official seismic intensity scale. Other scales came into use in many other countries. In Italy, a 10-point intensity scale developed in 1902 by Giuseppe Mercalli was adapted by a succession of people. When H. O. Wood and Frank Neumann translated one version into English in 1931, they called it the Modified Mercalli scale. That has been the American standard ever since. The Modified Mercalli scale consists of descriptions that range from the innocuous (I. Not felt except by a very few) to the terrifying (XII. Damage total . . . Objects thrown upward into the air). It includes the behavior of people, the responses of houses and larger buildings, and natural phenomena. For instance, peoples responses range from barely feeling ground motion at intensity I to everyone running outdoors at intensity VII, the same intensity at which chimneys begin to break. At intensity VIII, sand and mud are ejected from the ground and heavy furniture overturns. Mapping Seismic Intensity Turning human reports into consistent maps happen online today, but it used to be quite laborious. During the aftermath of a quake, scientists collected intensity reports as fast as they could. Postmasters in the United States sent the government a report every time a quake struck. Private citizens and local geologists did the same. If youre into earthquake preparedness, consider learning more about what quake investigators do by downloading their official field manual. With these reports in hand, investigators of the U.S. Geological Survey then interviewed other expert witnesses, such as building engineers and inspectors, to help them map zones of equivalent intensity. Eventually, a contour map showing the intensity zones was finalized and published. An intensity map can show some useful things. It can delineate the fault that caused the quake. It can also show areas of unusually strong shaking far from the fault. These areas of bad ground are important when it comes to zoning, for instance, or disaster planning or deciding where to route freeways and other infrastructure. Advances In 1992, a European committee set out to refine the seismic intensity scale in the light of new knowledge. In particular, we have learned a great deal about how different kinds of buildings respond to shaking- in effect, we can treat them like amateur seismographs. In 1995 the European Macroseismic Scale (EMS) was widely adopted across Europe. It has 12 points, the same as the Mercalli scale, but it is much more detailed and precise. It includes many pictures of damaged buildings, for instance. Another advance was being able to assign harder numbers to intensities. The EMS includes specific values of ground acceleration for each intensity rank. (So does the latest Japanese scale.) The new scale cannot be taught in a single lab exercise, the way the Mercalli scale is taught in the United States. But those who master it will be the best in the world at extracting good data from the rubble and confusion of an earthquakes aftermath. Why Old Research Methods Are Still Important The study of earthquakes gets more sophisticated every year, and thanks to these advances the oldest research methods work better than ever. The nice machines and clean data make for good fundamental science. But one great practical benefit is that we can calibrate all kinds of earthquake damages against the seismograph. Now we can extract good data from human records where- and when- there are no seismometers. Intensities can be estimated for earthquakes all the way through history, using old records like diaries and newspapers. Earth is a slow-moving place, and in many places the typical earthquake cycle takes centuries. We dont have centuries to wait, so deriving reliable information about the past is a valuable task. Ancient human records are much better than nothing, and sometimes what we learn about past seismic events is almost as good as having seismographs there.

Studying Abroad and Homesickness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Studying Abroad and Homesickness - Essay Example Staying at home with my family has so many comforts that range from being free to do the things I want to do to get all that I request from parents. From my one month, I have established that people change from what they were to totally different persons. College makes people turn into new individuals that you never imagined. It appears that the people I imagined would welcome the idea are the ones who despise it, and those I thought would hate the idea are the ones that cherish the impression. I am not yet very sure of what brings out this change in one’s personality. However, I strongly believe that it all depends on who can handle the pressure that comes with the new steps that one makes in life. I know of several people who have not been able to handle and balance the academic and social aspects of college together with the absence of their beloved people that they left far away when they join other institutions. Other people have not managed to come over the challenge of being homesick. The word may be easy, but I am yet to find a person who has balanced the idea of being homesick together with the challenge of being away for education. Balancing college life has proven very difficult for the majority of the people whom I have encountered in the last few weeks. I can easily depict why this is a big struggle when I consider the rules and regulations that surround an individual’s life when they are not in college. It also depends on the freedoms that one has at home and how they cope up with the new environment. In a clear way to explain what homesickness is, I have witnessed the problem with several of my friends. One of them is Mark. At home, Mark was given a lot of freedom that I consider to be beyond what someone at his age should get. He did not have to come home at any specified time of the day or night.

American History Progression by 1865 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American History Progression by 1865 - Essay Example American Independence followed this in 1776. Before the reconstruction era, the Americans focused on Slave trade and thus set up certain trade patterns. However, the reconstruction era ended the slavery. The reconstruction era led to reunion of the state that had broken up from the union (Oslon 72-76). The election of Thomas Jefferson is often viewed as the start of a revolution which lasted from 1775-1783. It after this that order was established in America. His administration focused in establishing union in America for progressive growth. After the war, the American founders focused on enhancing growth. In 1789, George Washington affected the bill of rights and a stable national government was established. During Washington reign, the Bank of Unite States was established and it shaped the American Financial system. Moreover, a tax system and federalist party were established (Oslon, 165-169, 211-206). Another important happening in the history of America is the civil war in 1861. This war was important since it followed the Confederation of States of

Strategic and operations management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Strategic and operations management - Assignment Example This is one of the leading companies in the world with building materials. This company is however based in Ireland (Diana, 2013). It is important to highlight that CRH is quite focussed and takes into consideration every business hitch and utilizes it for the better. The company realized the factors that lead to the business and noted keenly with a lot of concern that for the company to excel, the price that is charged on the various commodities should be relatively cheap and affordable that favours a large number of people. It is also important to highlight the other factors that the company considered; the quality of services that are offered. This is the overall view, perception as well as experience that the customers get after consuming the products. The value that the customer attaches to the product offered and how the interact with the persons providing the service depicts the quality as either high or low quality (Diana, 2013). The company being ranked as one of the top leading companies in the world in terms of the provision of the building materials, it is important to highlight that the company had to strategize and develop ways to meet the large demand for the products that they offer. This therefore means that the company had to be more reliable and accountable in terms of productivity. This also led to the company establishing smaller markets and enterprises within due to the variations in the legal issues in different parts of the world. This was in the essence that the company had consequently known that micro-markets enhance the successful business performance (Diana, 2013). In the realization of the tight as well as the difficult market environment, it is important to highlight that CRH developed strategies for the successful operations. These strategies were with certain key elements as they are well explained and clearly discussed below: It is also important

Workforce Design Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Workforce Design - Literature review Example Downsizing lay-offs have very devastating effects not only on the employees but also on the economic, political and social condition of the country. In this economic climate workforce redesigning with special emphasis on organizational values is one way to handle this situation in company’s benefit. Latest trends and approaches identifies HR as a strategic partner of the business. Workforce/job design is considered the building block for the smooth running of the human resource processes. There are many approaches regarding workforce/ job design are available all of them provides vehement support that a work design chosen appropriately keeping in view organizational needs and values do contribute positively for organizational success. There is no one best approach towards the workforce design. Organizations need to create and find the best fit between its environment, competitive strategy and philosophy with its organizational structure and design. The changing world of work, which is marked by increased competition, information and communication technology, workforce dynamics, has enforced many changes in organizational structure. In the wake of new economy and emergence of knowledge workers and the challenges of economic and financial crunch, intense competition, changing employment legislation, social and demographic trends organizations these days are battling to stay alive by doing more with less employees. (De Ceiri) There are many approaches surrounding workforce design and organizational structure we will focus our research on few approaches such as Competency Analysis, knowledge management, changes in organizational structure/workflow etc. Workforce/Job design Approaches There are many approaches for workforce/job design but as already discussed there is no one best approach. Organizations have to seek the best fit between organizational demands and environmental demands for any effective job design. Let’s dig deep into what are these dem ands and how job design is actually practiced. One of the organizational demands is that job design approach adopted should be derived from the organizational strategy which determines the duties, breath of task and responsibilities. Formalization of jobs and breadth and depth of task is determined by the company characteristics. Culture of the company and the society needs to be taken into account before deciding the managerial choices for job design tactics and employee’s acceptance of these job design decisions. Organizations also demand that employee’s concern should also be fulfilled regarding need for flexible work arrangements and perceptions of fairness in job duties. Environmental demands also cannot be ignored while deciding for the job design. Many environmental forces have their strong impact on job design such as influence of labor force which determines skill availability to perform task and demographics of workforce such as aging labor, influence of tech nology such as virtual teams and telecommunicating, influence of globalization such as workforce diversity, cross culture issues, influence of ethical and social responsibilities such as concerns for physical condition of job design and type of tasks, the influence of economic conditions such as growing economy or downturn economy. (David) Workforce planning, job analysis and job design play an important role in Human Resource management and the interaction between them is the key to success. The recent global financial crisis that was least predictable has led to certain downturn in the economy. Volatility in oil prices is also affecting the businesses. Recent trends and developments such as these has emphasized the role of business plan that not only anticipates but also helps in coping with such situations. For HR it means

Dynasty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dynasty - Essay Example ty came to an abrupt ending because of its expensive military expansions and political unrest due to its autocratic and tyrannical form of government. Though principles of Confucius were respected and followed to some extent in state affairs but more emphasis was paid on Buddhism and Taoism. Education system was over-hauled. Civil service exams were introduced a long time back during the Han dynasty and during this time period, this system was revived. The economy of China improved due to developments and engineering works such as canals, roads and cities- which were undertaken on a large scale. Special attention was paid to irrigation and agriculture. The Grand Canal was built to promote speedy communication and transportation between the northern and the southern parts of China. The Great Wall of China was also fortified. 1 In 617, the Sui dynasty was overthrown by Tangs. It promoted Taoism in the religious and social lives of the people. The government was centralized and it managed to rule for about 300 years. Major changes in the political, economical and social structures were witnessed during this time. Printing was invented and Art and literature flourished. Arab, Persian and foreign traders expanded their activities during the eighth century and set up factories at the Canon Delta, Fu-chien and Chiang-su2. The government held large areas of land particularly for the breeding of horses for the government officials; and military-agricultural colonies were established along the northern border as a means to protect the frontier3. The Tang dynasty managed to establish peace and stability in the empire and during 715-56 AD, prices were low and merchants could undertake long journeys without the fear of robbery.4 Transport of luxury goods and grains from the southern parts of China was made easy with the intricate web of highways and the canal system.5 This state of wealth and prosperity could not last longer because land holding policies of the government

IMC Plan On Geico Insurance Company Research Paper

IMC Plan On Geico Insurance Company - Research Paper Example Center of discussion in this paper is GEICO or Government Employees Insurance Company. Founded by Leo & Lillian Goodwin in the year 1936, the Company started its journey as car insurance company for government & military employees. Since then it has seen many changes in its structure & quest for growth. The company has grown by leaps & bounds over these years and is adjudged as 3rd largest auto insurer in private section in US. GEICO is standing tall as part of Berkshire Hathaway headed by Warren Buffet with 8 million policyholders & 17 million vehicles insured under its belt. GEICO started as a company which was catering to the needs of federal & military employees only. The founders Leo & Lillian Goodwin had different marketing plan for their business and the utmost was to lower the cost. This business plan of theirs was made successful with the induction of federal employees in their marketing strategy as this segment of people would be posing low risk and eventually companyâ€⠄¢s profit would not be hampered. Even today GEICO sticks to this objective of its and all through these years one thing which has remained intact with the company is creating customer value through its services. Every firm in today’s time needs to promote itself through various advertisements as to reach maximum number of people and build a strong customer base. GEICO is a company which has always believed in reaching out to people directly than through any agents and for this very reason it has relied on internet communication, through phone and heavily investing on advertisements which in return has increased its customer base. c) Competitive Analysis: Competition is one word which can never be forgotten in context of marketing plan. Every company has a competition in its field and a proper analysis is must to emerge as winners. GEICO also have been facing tough competition from other players but what has made it look different is its excellent coverage, always thriving to keep costs low and last but not the least good service quality to its customers. d) Environmental influences: External or the environmental influences can be broadly divided into 4 categories- i) Economic: GEICO has been considerably climbing the steps towards the numero-uno position and this has been possible because of good economic position of US. Though lately due to recession the things turned ugly but now the economy is back on track and so GEICO can expect further growth. ii) Technological: To keep up with the time and competition GEICO not only needs a good service quality but also innovation in the products. With technology being at par GEICO’s service is further going to make customer happy and more interested in the company for getting their vehicles insured. iii) Political-Legal: A company like GEICO should always make sure it follows all the norms and regulations set by the government to prosper smoothly without any hassle. A politically clean company is most so ught after company by any customer and in a risky business like insurance sector a company surely needs to legally manage its business. iv) Socio-culture: With power comes great responsibilities and for this GEICO should also be socially attached with its